Worm Breeder's Gazette 11(2): 93

These abstracts should not be cited in bibliographies. Material contained herein should be treated as personal communication and should be cited as such only with the consent of the author.

The Mutant Phenotype of the lag Genes Mimics that of the lin-12 glp-1 Double Mutant

Eric Lambie and Judith Kimble

DNA sequence analysis suggests that lin-12 and glp-1 encode 
homologous transmembrane receptor proteins (1,2).  Despite the 
similarity of the putative lin-12 and glp-1 gene products, the 
phenotype of a loss of function mutation in either gene is unique.  
glp-1(q231)lf has a strict maternal effect lethal phenotype and a 
zygotic effect germ line proliferation defect (1).  lin-12(q269)lf 
causes zygotic effect transformations in cell fate in several 
different lineages (1, T.  Schedl, pers.  comm.).  A lin-12(q269) 
homozygote will usually mature into a sterile or subfertile adult with 
a protruding vulva; however, a small percentage of worms with this 
genotype arrest as moribund L1s.  These arrested worms are 
characterized by several morphological abnormalities, most obviously 
the absence of a rectum.
The double mutant, lin-12(q269) 1), invariably 
arrests as an L1, resembling that produced at low frequency by the 
single mutation, lin-12(q269).  The synergistic effect of the lin-12 
and glp-1 mutations indicates that the wild type glp-1 gene product 
substitutes (or otherwise compensates) for the loss of lin-12 function.

The distinctive nature of the highly penetrant L1 lethal phenotype 
observed in the lin-12 utant (designated here 
as 'Lag' for phenotype of mutations in both lin-12 and alp-1) has 
provided us with a means of identifying mutations in genes that are 
required for the function of both lin-12 and glp-1.  From 
approximately 4500 EMS mutagenized F1 clones, we have identified seven 
recessive mutations that result in the Lag phenotype.  Three of these 
map to a single locus, lag-1, situated between the clusters on 
chromosome IV.  Four mutations map to the left arm of chromosome V.  
Three of these are moderately linked to dpy-11, and may be alleles of 
the same gene, lag-2.  In addition to mapping in the same vicinity, 
each of these three mutations exhibits a temperature sensitivity: at 
15 C a fraction of the homozygous worms mature into sterile adults 
with a germ line phenotype identical to that produced by mutations in 
glp-1.  The remaining mutation on chromosome V is located more 
distally, closer to unc-34 than dpy-11, and has been tentatively 
designated as an allele of lag-3.  Complementation analysis will soon 
establish the allelism of the different mutations on V.
Additional phenotypic and genetic analyses will be necessary to 
establish the roles of the lag genes in the normal functioning of lin-
12 and glp-1.*E.L.  is supported by grant DRG 989 from the Damon 
Runyon-Walter Winchell Cancer Fund.